//! [![github]](https://github.com/dtolnay/syn) [![crates-io]](https://crates.io/crates/syn) [![docs-rs]](crate)
//!
//! [github]: https://img.shields.io/badge/github-8da0cb?style=for-the-badge&labelColor=555555&logo=github
//! [crates-io]: https://img.shields.io/badge/crates.io-fc8d62?style=for-the-badge&labelColor=555555&logo=rust
//! [docs-rs]: https://img.shields.io/badge/docs.rs-66c2a5?style=for-the-badge&labelColor=555555&logo=docs.rs
//!
//!
//!
//! Syn is a parsing library for parsing a stream of Rust tokens into a syntax
//! tree of Rust source code.
//!
//! Currently this library is geared toward use in Rust procedural macros, but
//! contains some APIs that may be useful more generally.
//!
//! - **Data structures** — Syn provides a complete syntax tree that can
//! represent any valid Rust source code. The syntax tree is rooted at
//! [`syn::File`] which represents a full source file, but there are other
//! entry points that may be useful to procedural macros including
//! [`syn::Item`], [`syn::Expr`] and [`syn::Type`].
//!
//! - **Derives** — Of particular interest to derive macros is
//! [`syn::DeriveInput`] which is any of the three legal input items to a
//! derive macro. An example below shows using this type in a library that can
//! derive implementations of a user-defined trait.
//!
//! - **Parsing** — Parsing in Syn is built around [parser functions] with the
//! signature `fn(ParseStream) -> Result`. Every syntax tree node defined
//! by Syn is individually parsable and may be used as a building block for
//! custom syntaxes, or you may dream up your own brand new syntax without
//! involving any of our syntax tree types.
//!
//! - **Location information** — Every token parsed by Syn is associated with a
//! `Span` that tracks line and column information back to the source of that
//! token. These spans allow a procedural macro to display detailed error
//! messages pointing to all the right places in the user's code. There is an
//! example of this below.
//!
//! - **Feature flags** — Functionality is aggressively feature gated so your
//! procedural macros enable only what they need, and do not pay in compile
//! time for all the rest.
//!
//! [`syn::File`]: File
//! [`syn::Item`]: Item
//! [`syn::Expr`]: Expr
//! [`syn::Type`]: Type
//! [`syn::DeriveInput`]: DeriveInput
//! [parser functions]: mod@parse
//!
//!
//!
//! # Example of a derive macro
//!
//! The canonical derive macro using Syn looks like this. We write an ordinary
//! Rust function tagged with a `proc_macro_derive` attribute and the name of
//! the trait we are deriving. Any time that derive appears in the user's code,
//! the Rust compiler passes their data structure as tokens into our macro. We
//! get to execute arbitrary Rust code to figure out what to do with those
//! tokens, then hand some tokens back to the compiler to compile into the
//! user's crate.
//!
//! [`TokenStream`]: proc_macro::TokenStream
//!
//! ```toml
//! [dependencies]
//! syn = "2.0"
//! quote = "1.0"
//!
//! [lib]
//! proc-macro = true
//! ```
//!
//! ```
//! # extern crate proc_macro;
//! #
//! use proc_macro::TokenStream;
//! use quote::quote;
//! use syn::{parse_macro_input, DeriveInput};
//!
//! # const IGNORE_TOKENS: &str = stringify! {
//! #[proc_macro_derive(MyMacro)]
//! # };
//! pub fn my_macro(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
//! // Parse the input tokens into a syntax tree
//! let input = parse_macro_input!(input as DeriveInput);
//!
//! // Build the output, possibly using quasi-quotation
//! let expanded = quote! {
//! // ...
//! };
//!
//! // Hand the output tokens back to the compiler
//! TokenStream::from(expanded)
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! The [`heapsize`] example directory shows a complete working implementation
//! of a derive macro. The example derives a `HeapSize` trait which computes an
//! estimate of the amount of heap memory owned by a value.
//!
//! [`heapsize`]: https://github.com/dtolnay/syn/tree/master/examples/heapsize
//!
//! ```
//! pub trait HeapSize {
//! /// Total number of bytes of heap memory owned by `self`.
//! fn heap_size_of_children(&self) -> usize;
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! The derive macro allows users to write `#[derive(HeapSize)]` on data
//! structures in their program.
//!
//! ```
//! # const IGNORE_TOKENS: &str = stringify! {
//! #[derive(HeapSize)]
//! # };
//! struct Demo<'a, T: ?Sized> {
//! a: Box,
//! b: u8,
//! c: &'a str,
//! d: String,
//! }
//! ```
//!
//!
//!
//! # Spans and error reporting
//!
//! The token-based procedural macro API provides great control over where the
//! compiler's error messages are displayed in user code. Consider the error the
//! user sees if one of their field types does not implement `HeapSize`.
//!
//! ```
//! # const IGNORE_TOKENS: &str = stringify! {
//! #[derive(HeapSize)]
//! # };
//! struct Broken {
//! ok: String,
//! bad: std::thread::Thread,
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! By tracking span information all the way through the expansion of a
//! procedural macro as shown in the `heapsize` example, token-based macros in
//! Syn are able to trigger errors that directly pinpoint the source of the
//! problem.
//!
//! ```text
//! error[E0277]: the trait bound `std::thread::Thread: HeapSize` is not satisfied
//! --> src/main.rs:7:5
//! |
//! 7 | bad: std::thread::Thread,
//! | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ the trait `HeapSize` is not implemented for `Thread`
//! ```
//!
//!
//!
//! # Parsing a custom syntax
//!
//! The [`lazy-static`] example directory shows the implementation of a
//! `functionlike!(...)` procedural macro in which the input tokens are parsed
//! using Syn's parsing API.
//!
//! [`lazy-static`]: https://github.com/dtolnay/syn/tree/master/examples/lazy-static
//!
//! The example reimplements the popular `lazy_static` crate from crates.io as a
//! procedural macro.
//!
//! ```
//! # macro_rules! lazy_static {
//! # ($($tt:tt)*) => {}
//! # }
//! #
//! lazy_static! {
//! static ref USERNAME: Regex = Regex::new("^[a-z0-9_-]{3,16}$").unwrap();
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! The implementation shows how to trigger custom warnings and error messages
//! on the macro input.
//!
//! ```text
//! warning: come on, pick a more creative name
//! --> src/main.rs:10:16
//! |
//! 10 | static ref FOO: String = "lazy_static".to_owned();
//! | ^^^
//! ```
//!
//!
//!
//! # Testing
//!
//! When testing macros, we often care not just that the macro can be used
//! successfully but also that when the macro is provided with invalid input it
//! produces maximally helpful error messages. Consider using the [`trybuild`]
//! crate to write tests for errors that are emitted by your macro or errors
//! detected by the Rust compiler in the expanded code following misuse of the
//! macro. Such tests help avoid regressions from later refactors that
//! mistakenly make an error no longer trigger or be less helpful than it used
//! to be.
//!
//! [`trybuild`]: https://github.com/dtolnay/trybuild
//!
//!
//!
//! # Debugging
//!
//! When developing a procedural macro it can be helpful to look at what the
//! generated code looks like. Use `cargo rustc -- -Zunstable-options
//! --pretty=expanded` or the [`cargo expand`] subcommand.
//!
//! [`cargo expand`]: https://github.com/dtolnay/cargo-expand
//!
//! To show the expanded code for some crate that uses your procedural macro,
//! run `cargo expand` from that crate. To show the expanded code for one of
//! your own test cases, run `cargo expand --test the_test_case` where the last
//! argument is the name of the test file without the `.rs` extension.
//!
//! This write-up by Brandon W Maister discusses debugging in more detail:
//! [Debugging Rust's new Custom Derive system][debugging].
//!
//! [debugging]: https://quodlibetor.github.io/posts/debugging-rusts-new-custom-derive-system/
//!
//!
//!
//! # Optional features
//!
//! Syn puts a lot of functionality behind optional features in order to
//! optimize compile time for the most common use cases. The following features
//! are available.
//!
//! - **`derive`** *(enabled by default)* — Data structures for representing the
//! possible input to a derive macro, including structs and enums and types.
//! - **`full`** — Data structures for representing the syntax tree of all valid
//! Rust source code, including items and expressions.
//! - **`parsing`** *(enabled by default)* — Ability to parse input tokens into
//! a syntax tree node of a chosen type.
//! - **`printing`** *(enabled by default)* — Ability to print a syntax tree
//! node as tokens of Rust source code.
//! - **`visit`** — Trait for traversing a syntax tree.
//! - **`visit-mut`** — Trait for traversing and mutating in place a syntax
//! tree.
//! - **`fold`** — Trait for transforming an owned syntax tree.
//! - **`clone-impls`** *(enabled by default)* — Clone impls for all syntax tree
//! types.
//! - **`extra-traits`** — Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash impls for all syntax tree
//! types.
//! - **`proc-macro`** *(enabled by default)* — Runtime dependency on the
//! dynamic library libproc_macro from rustc toolchain.
// Syn types in rustdoc of other crates get linked to here.
#![doc(html_root_url = "https://docs.rs/syn/2.0.48")]
#![cfg_attr(doc_cfg, feature(doc_cfg))]
#![deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]
#![allow(non_camel_case_types)]
#![allow(
clippy::bool_to_int_with_if,
clippy::cast_lossless,
clippy::cast_possible_truncation,
clippy::cast_possible_wrap,
clippy::cast_ptr_alignment,
clippy::default_trait_access,
clippy::derivable_impls,
clippy::diverging_sub_expression,
clippy::doc_markdown,
clippy::expl_impl_clone_on_copy,
clippy::explicit_auto_deref,
clippy::if_not_else,
clippy::inherent_to_string,
clippy::into_iter_without_iter,
clippy::items_after_statements,
clippy::large_enum_variant,
clippy::let_underscore_untyped, // https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/issues/10410
clippy::manual_assert,
clippy::manual_let_else,
clippy::match_like_matches_macro,
clippy::match_on_vec_items,
clippy::match_same_arms,
clippy::match_wildcard_for_single_variants, // clippy bug: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/issues/6984
clippy::missing_errors_doc,
clippy::missing_panics_doc,
clippy::module_name_repetitions,
clippy::must_use_candidate,
clippy::needless_doctest_main,
clippy::needless_pass_by_value,
clippy::never_loop,
clippy::range_plus_one,
clippy::redundant_else,
clippy::return_self_not_must_use,
clippy::similar_names,
clippy::single_match_else,
clippy::too_many_arguments,
clippy::too_many_lines,
clippy::trivially_copy_pass_by_ref,
clippy::uninhabited_references,
clippy::uninlined_format_args,
clippy::unnecessary_box_returns,
clippy::unnecessary_unwrap,
clippy::used_underscore_binding,
clippy::wildcard_imports,
)]
#[cfg(feature = "proc-macro")]
extern crate proc_macro;
#[macro_use]
mod macros;
#[cfg(feature = "parsing")]
#[macro_use]
mod group;
#[macro_use]
pub mod token;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
mod attr;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))))]
pub use crate::attr::{AttrStyle, Attribute, Meta, MetaList, MetaNameValue};
mod bigint;
#[cfg(feature = "parsing")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "parsing")))]
pub mod buffer;
mod custom_keyword;
mod custom_punctuation;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
mod data;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))))]
pub use crate::data::{Field, Fields, FieldsNamed, FieldsUnnamed, Variant};
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
mod derive;
#[cfg(feature = "derive")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "derive")))]
pub use crate::derive::{Data, DataEnum, DataStruct, DataUnion, DeriveInput};
mod drops;
mod error;
pub use crate::error::{Error, Result};
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
mod expr;
#[cfg(feature = "full")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "full")))]
pub use crate::expr::{Arm, Label, RangeLimits};
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))))]
pub use crate::expr::{
Expr, ExprBinary, ExprCall, ExprCast, ExprField, ExprIndex, ExprLit, ExprMacro, ExprMethodCall,
ExprParen, ExprPath, ExprReference, ExprStruct, ExprUnary, FieldValue, Index, Member,
};
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "full")))]
pub use crate::expr::{
ExprArray, ExprAssign, ExprAsync, ExprAwait, ExprBlock, ExprBreak, ExprClosure, ExprConst,
ExprContinue, ExprForLoop, ExprGroup, ExprIf, ExprInfer, ExprLet, ExprLoop, ExprMatch,
ExprRange, ExprRepeat, ExprReturn, ExprTry, ExprTryBlock, ExprTuple, ExprUnsafe, ExprWhile,
ExprYield,
};
#[cfg(feature = "parsing")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "parsing")))]
pub mod ext;
#[cfg(feature = "full")]
mod file;
#[cfg(feature = "full")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "full")))]
pub use crate::file::File;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
mod generics;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))))]
pub use crate::generics::{
BoundLifetimes, ConstParam, GenericParam, Generics, LifetimeParam, PredicateLifetime,
PredicateType, TraitBound, TraitBoundModifier, TypeParam, TypeParamBound, WhereClause,
WherePredicate,
};
#[cfg(all(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"), feature = "printing"))]
#[cfg_attr(
doc_cfg,
doc(cfg(all(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"), feature = "printing")))
)]
pub use crate::generics::{ImplGenerics, Turbofish, TypeGenerics};
mod ident;
#[doc(inline)]
pub use crate::ident::Ident;
#[cfg(feature = "full")]
mod item;
#[cfg(feature = "full")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "full")))]
pub use crate::item::{
FnArg, ForeignItem, ForeignItemFn, ForeignItemMacro, ForeignItemStatic, ForeignItemType,
ImplItem, ImplItemConst, ImplItemFn, ImplItemMacro, ImplItemType, ImplRestriction, Item,
ItemConst, ItemEnum, ItemExternCrate, ItemFn, ItemForeignMod, ItemImpl, ItemMacro, ItemMod,
ItemStatic, ItemStruct, ItemTrait, ItemTraitAlias, ItemType, ItemUnion, ItemUse, Receiver,
Signature, StaticMutability, TraitItem, TraitItemConst, TraitItemFn, TraitItemMacro,
TraitItemType, UseGlob, UseGroup, UseName, UsePath, UseRename, UseTree, Variadic,
};
mod lifetime;
#[doc(inline)]
pub use crate::lifetime::Lifetime;
mod lit;
#[doc(hidden)] // https://github.com/dtolnay/syn/issues/1566
pub use crate::lit::StrStyle;
#[doc(inline)]
pub use crate::lit::{Lit, LitBool, LitByte, LitByteStr, LitChar, LitFloat, LitInt, LitStr};
#[cfg(feature = "parsing")]
mod lookahead;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
mod mac;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))))]
pub use crate::mac::{Macro, MacroDelimiter};
#[cfg(all(feature = "parsing", any(feature = "full", feature = "derive")))]
#[cfg_attr(
doc_cfg,
doc(cfg(all(feature = "parsing", any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))))
)]
pub mod meta;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
mod op;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))))]
pub use crate::op::{BinOp, UnOp};
#[cfg(feature = "parsing")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "parsing")))]
pub mod parse;
#[cfg(all(feature = "parsing", feature = "proc-macro"))]
mod parse_macro_input;
#[cfg(all(feature = "parsing", feature = "printing"))]
mod parse_quote;
#[cfg(feature = "full")]
mod pat;
#[cfg(feature = "full")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "full")))]
pub use crate::expr::{
ExprConst as PatConst, ExprLit as PatLit, ExprMacro as PatMacro, ExprPath as PatPath,
ExprRange as PatRange,
};
#[cfg(feature = "full")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "full")))]
pub use crate::pat::{
FieldPat, Pat, PatIdent, PatOr, PatParen, PatReference, PatRest, PatSlice, PatStruct, PatTuple,
PatTupleStruct, PatType, PatWild,
};
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
mod path;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))))]
pub use crate::path::{
AngleBracketedGenericArguments, AssocConst, AssocType, Constraint, GenericArgument,
ParenthesizedGenericArguments, Path, PathArguments, PathSegment, QSelf,
};
#[cfg(all(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"), feature = "printing"))]
mod print;
pub mod punctuated;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
mod restriction;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))))]
pub use crate::restriction::{FieldMutability, VisRestricted, Visibility};
mod sealed;
mod span;
#[cfg(all(feature = "parsing", feature = "printing"))]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(all(feature = "parsing", feature = "printing"))))]
pub mod spanned;
#[cfg(feature = "full")]
mod stmt;
#[cfg(feature = "full")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "full")))]
pub use crate::stmt::{Block, Local, LocalInit, Stmt, StmtMacro};
mod thread;
#[cfg(all(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"), feature = "extra-traits"))]
mod tt;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
mod ty;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))))]
pub use crate::ty::{
Abi, BareFnArg, BareVariadic, ReturnType, Type, TypeArray, TypeBareFn, TypeGroup,
TypeImplTrait, TypeInfer, TypeMacro, TypeNever, TypeParen, TypePath, TypePtr, TypeReference,
TypeSlice, TypeTraitObject, TypeTuple,
};
#[cfg(all(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"), feature = "parsing"))]
mod verbatim;
#[cfg(all(feature = "parsing", feature = "full"))]
mod whitespace;
mod gen {
/// Syntax tree traversal to transform the nodes of an owned syntax tree.
///
/// Each method of the [`Fold`] trait is a hook that can be overridden to
/// customize the behavior when transforming the corresponding type of node.
/// By default, every method recursively visits the substructure of the
/// input by invoking the right visitor method of each of its fields.
///
/// [`Fold`]: fold::Fold
///
/// ```
/// # use syn::{Attribute, BinOp, Expr, ExprBinary};
/// #
/// pub trait Fold {
/// /* ... */
///
/// fn fold_expr_binary(&mut self, node: ExprBinary) -> ExprBinary {
/// fold_expr_binary(self, node)
/// }
///
/// /* ... */
/// # fn fold_attribute(&mut self, node: Attribute) -> Attribute;
/// # fn fold_expr(&mut self, node: Expr) -> Expr;
/// # fn fold_bin_op(&mut self, node: BinOp) -> BinOp;
/// }
///
/// pub fn fold_expr_binary(v: &mut V, node: ExprBinary) -> ExprBinary
/// where
/// V: Fold + ?Sized,
/// {
/// ExprBinary {
/// attrs: node
/// .attrs
/// .into_iter()
/// .map(|attr| v.fold_attribute(attr))
/// .collect(),
/// left: Box::new(v.fold_expr(*node.left)),
/// op: v.fold_bin_op(node.op),
/// right: Box::new(v.fold_expr(*node.right)),
/// }
/// }
///
/// /* ... */
/// ```
///
///
///
/// # Example
///
/// This fold inserts parentheses to fully parenthesizes any expression.
///
/// ```
/// // [dependencies]
/// // quote = "1.0"
/// // syn = { version = "2.0", features = ["fold", "full"] }
///
/// use quote::quote;
/// use syn::fold::{fold_expr, Fold};
/// use syn::{token, Expr, ExprParen};
///
/// struct ParenthesizeEveryExpr;
///
/// impl Fold for ParenthesizeEveryExpr {
/// fn fold_expr(&mut self, expr: Expr) -> Expr {
/// Expr::Paren(ExprParen {
/// attrs: Vec::new(),
/// expr: Box::new(fold_expr(self, expr)),
/// paren_token: token::Paren::default(),
/// })
/// }
/// }
///
/// fn main() {
/// let code = quote! { a() + b(1) * c.d };
/// let expr: Expr = syn::parse2(code).unwrap();
/// let parenthesized = ParenthesizeEveryExpr.fold_expr(expr);
/// println!("{}", quote!(#parenthesized));
///
/// // Output: (((a)()) + (((b)((1))) * ((c).d)))
/// }
/// ```
#[cfg(feature = "fold")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "fold")))]
#[rustfmt::skip]
pub mod fold;
/// Syntax tree traversal to walk a shared borrow of a syntax tree.
///
/// Each method of the [`Visit`] trait is a hook that can be overridden to
/// customize the behavior when visiting the corresponding type of node. By
/// default, every method recursively visits the substructure of the input
/// by invoking the right visitor method of each of its fields.
///
/// [`Visit`]: visit::Visit
///
/// ```
/// # use syn::{Attribute, BinOp, Expr, ExprBinary};
/// #
/// pub trait Visit<'ast> {
/// /* ... */
///
/// fn visit_expr_binary(&mut self, node: &'ast ExprBinary) {
/// visit_expr_binary(self, node);
/// }
///
/// /* ... */
/// # fn visit_attribute(&mut self, node: &'ast Attribute);
/// # fn visit_expr(&mut self, node: &'ast Expr);
/// # fn visit_bin_op(&mut self, node: &'ast BinOp);
/// }
///
/// pub fn visit_expr_binary<'ast, V>(v: &mut V, node: &'ast ExprBinary)
/// where
/// V: Visit<'ast> + ?Sized,
/// {
/// for attr in &node.attrs {
/// v.visit_attribute(attr);
/// }
/// v.visit_expr(&*node.left);
/// v.visit_bin_op(&node.op);
/// v.visit_expr(&*node.right);
/// }
///
/// /* ... */
/// ```
///
///
///
/// # Example
///
/// This visitor will print the name of every freestanding function in the
/// syntax tree, including nested functions.
///
/// ```
/// // [dependencies]
/// // quote = "1.0"
/// // syn = { version = "2.0", features = ["full", "visit"] }
///
/// use quote::quote;
/// use syn::visit::{self, Visit};
/// use syn::{File, ItemFn};
///
/// struct FnVisitor;
///
/// impl<'ast> Visit<'ast> for FnVisitor {
/// fn visit_item_fn(&mut self, node: &'ast ItemFn) {
/// println!("Function with name={}", node.sig.ident);
///
/// // Delegate to the default impl to visit any nested functions.
/// visit::visit_item_fn(self, node);
/// }
/// }
///
/// fn main() {
/// let code = quote! {
/// pub fn f() {
/// fn g() {}
/// }
/// };
///
/// let syntax_tree: File = syn::parse2(code).unwrap();
/// FnVisitor.visit_file(&syntax_tree);
/// }
/// ```
///
/// The `'ast` lifetime on the input references means that the syntax tree
/// outlives the complete recursive visit call, so the visitor is allowed to
/// hold on to references into the syntax tree.
///
/// ```
/// use quote::quote;
/// use syn::visit::{self, Visit};
/// use syn::{File, ItemFn};
///
/// struct FnVisitor<'ast> {
/// functions: Vec<&'ast ItemFn>,
/// }
///
/// impl<'ast> Visit<'ast> for FnVisitor<'ast> {
/// fn visit_item_fn(&mut self, node: &'ast ItemFn) {
/// self.functions.push(node);
/// visit::visit_item_fn(self, node);
/// }
/// }
///
/// fn main() {
/// let code = quote! {
/// pub fn f() {
/// fn g() {}
/// }
/// };
///
/// let syntax_tree: File = syn::parse2(code).unwrap();
/// let mut visitor = FnVisitor { functions: Vec::new() };
/// visitor.visit_file(&syntax_tree);
/// for f in visitor.functions {
/// println!("Function with name={}", f.sig.ident);
/// }
/// }
/// ```
#[cfg(feature = "visit")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "visit")))]
#[rustfmt::skip]
pub mod visit;
/// Syntax tree traversal to mutate an exclusive borrow of a syntax tree in
/// place.
///
/// Each method of the [`VisitMut`] trait is a hook that can be overridden
/// to customize the behavior when mutating the corresponding type of node.
/// By default, every method recursively visits the substructure of the
/// input by invoking the right visitor method of each of its fields.
///
/// [`VisitMut`]: visit_mut::VisitMut
///
/// ```
/// # use syn::{Attribute, BinOp, Expr, ExprBinary};
/// #
/// pub trait VisitMut {
/// /* ... */
///
/// fn visit_expr_binary_mut(&mut self, node: &mut ExprBinary) {
/// visit_expr_binary_mut(self, node);
/// }
///
/// /* ... */
/// # fn visit_attribute_mut(&mut self, node: &mut Attribute);
/// # fn visit_expr_mut(&mut self, node: &mut Expr);
/// # fn visit_bin_op_mut(&mut self, node: &mut BinOp);
/// }
///
/// pub fn visit_expr_binary_mut(v: &mut V, node: &mut ExprBinary)
/// where
/// V: VisitMut + ?Sized,
/// {
/// for attr in &mut node.attrs {
/// v.visit_attribute_mut(attr);
/// }
/// v.visit_expr_mut(&mut *node.left);
/// v.visit_bin_op_mut(&mut node.op);
/// v.visit_expr_mut(&mut *node.right);
/// }
///
/// /* ... */
/// ```
///
///
///
/// # Example
///
/// This mut visitor replace occurrences of u256 suffixed integer literals
/// like `999u256` with a macro invocation `bigint::u256!(999)`.
///
/// ```
/// // [dependencies]
/// // quote = "1.0"
/// // syn = { version = "2.0", features = ["full", "visit-mut"] }
///
/// use quote::quote;
/// use syn::visit_mut::{self, VisitMut};
/// use syn::{parse_quote, Expr, File, Lit, LitInt};
///
/// struct BigintReplace;
///
/// impl VisitMut for BigintReplace {
/// fn visit_expr_mut(&mut self, node: &mut Expr) {
/// if let Expr::Lit(expr) = &node {
/// if let Lit::Int(int) = &expr.lit {
/// if int.suffix() == "u256" {
/// let digits = int.base10_digits();
/// let unsuffixed: LitInt = syn::parse_str(digits).unwrap();
/// *node = parse_quote!(bigint::u256!(#unsuffixed));
/// return;
/// }
/// }
/// }
///
/// // Delegate to the default impl to visit nested expressions.
/// visit_mut::visit_expr_mut(self, node);
/// }
/// }
///
/// fn main() {
/// let code = quote! {
/// fn main() {
/// let _ = 999u256;
/// }
/// };
///
/// let mut syntax_tree: File = syn::parse2(code).unwrap();
/// BigintReplace.visit_file_mut(&mut syntax_tree);
/// println!("{}", quote!(#syntax_tree));
/// }
/// ```
#[cfg(feature = "visit-mut")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "visit-mut")))]
#[rustfmt::skip]
pub mod visit_mut;
#[cfg(feature = "clone-impls")]
#[rustfmt::skip]
mod clone;
#[cfg(feature = "extra-traits")]
#[rustfmt::skip]
mod debug;
#[cfg(feature = "extra-traits")]
#[rustfmt::skip]
mod eq;
#[cfg(feature = "extra-traits")]
#[rustfmt::skip]
mod hash;
#[cfg(any(feature = "full", feature = "derive"))]
#[path = "../gen_helper.rs"]
mod helper;
}
#[cfg(feature = "fold")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "fold")))]
pub use crate::gen::fold;
#[cfg(feature = "visit")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "visit")))]
pub use crate::gen::visit;
#[cfg(feature = "visit-mut")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "visit-mut")))]
pub use crate::gen::visit_mut;
// Not public API.
#[doc(hidden)]
#[path = "export.rs"]
pub mod __private;
/// Parse tokens of source code into the chosen syntax tree node.
///
/// This is preferred over parsing a string because tokens are able to preserve
/// information about where in the user's code they were originally written (the
/// "span" of the token), possibly allowing the compiler to produce better error
/// messages.
///
/// This function parses a `proc_macro::TokenStream` which is the type used for
/// interop with the compiler in a procedural macro. To parse a
/// `proc_macro2::TokenStream`, use [`syn::parse2`] instead.
///
/// [`syn::parse2`]: parse2
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # extern crate proc_macro;
/// #
/// use proc_macro::TokenStream;
/// use quote::quote;
/// use syn::DeriveInput;
///
/// # const IGNORE_TOKENS: &str = stringify! {
/// #[proc_macro_derive(MyMacro)]
/// # };
/// pub fn my_macro(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
/// // Parse the tokens into a syntax tree
/// let ast: DeriveInput = syn::parse(input).unwrap();
///
/// // Build the output, possibly using quasi-quotation
/// let expanded = quote! {
/// /* ... */
/// };
///
/// // Convert into a token stream and return it
/// expanded.into()
/// }
/// ```
#[cfg(all(feature = "parsing", feature = "proc-macro"))]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(all(feature = "parsing", feature = "proc-macro"))))]
pub fn parse(tokens: proc_macro::TokenStream) -> Result {
parse::Parser::parse(T::parse, tokens)
}
/// Parse a proc-macro2 token stream into the chosen syntax tree node.
///
/// This function will check that the input is fully parsed. If there are
/// any unparsed tokens at the end of the stream, an error is returned.
///
/// This function parses a `proc_macro2::TokenStream` which is commonly useful
/// when the input comes from a node of the Syn syntax tree, for example the
/// body tokens of a [`Macro`] node. When in a procedural macro parsing the
/// `proc_macro::TokenStream` provided by the compiler, use [`syn::parse`]
/// instead.
///
/// [`syn::parse`]: parse()
#[cfg(feature = "parsing")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "parsing")))]
pub fn parse2(tokens: proc_macro2::TokenStream) -> Result {
parse::Parser::parse2(T::parse, tokens)
}
/// Parse a string of Rust code into the chosen syntax tree node.
///
/// # Hygiene
///
/// Every span in the resulting syntax tree will be set to resolve at the macro
/// call site.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use syn::{Expr, Result};
///
/// fn run() -> Result<()> {
/// let code = "assert_eq!(u8::max_value(), 255)";
/// let expr = syn::parse_str::(code)?;
/// println!("{:#?}", expr);
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// #
/// # run().unwrap();
/// ```
#[cfg(feature = "parsing")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "parsing")))]
pub fn parse_str(s: &str) -> Result {
parse::Parser::parse_str(T::parse, s)
}
// FIXME the name parse_file makes it sound like you might pass in a path to a
// file, rather than the content.
/// Parse the content of a file of Rust code.
///
/// This is different from `syn::parse_str::(content)` in two ways:
///
/// - It discards a leading byte order mark `\u{FEFF}` if the file has one.
/// - It preserves the shebang line of the file, such as `#!/usr/bin/env rustx`.
///
/// If present, either of these would be an error using `from_str`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```no_run
/// use std::error::Error;
/// use std::fs::File;
/// use std::io::Read;
///
/// fn run() -> Result<(), Box> {
/// let mut file = File::open("path/to/code.rs")?;
/// let mut content = String::new();
/// file.read_to_string(&mut content)?;
///
/// let ast = syn::parse_file(&content)?;
/// if let Some(shebang) = ast.shebang {
/// println!("{}", shebang);
/// }
/// println!("{} items", ast.items.len());
///
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// #
/// # run().unwrap();
/// ```
#[cfg(all(feature = "parsing", feature = "full"))]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(all(feature = "parsing", feature = "full"))))]
pub fn parse_file(mut content: &str) -> Result {
// Strip the BOM if it is present
const BOM: &str = "\u{feff}";
if content.starts_with(BOM) {
content = &content[BOM.len()..];
}
let mut shebang = None;
if content.starts_with("#!") {
let rest = whitespace::skip(&content[2..]);
if !rest.starts_with('[') {
if let Some(idx) = content.find('\n') {
shebang = Some(content[..idx].to_string());
content = &content[idx..];
} else {
shebang = Some(content.to_string());
content = "";
}
}
}
let mut file: File = parse_str(content)?;
file.shebang = shebang;
Ok(file)
}