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-//! Contains support for user-managed thread pools, represented by the
-//! the [`ThreadPool`] type (see that struct for details).
-//!
-//! [`ThreadPool`]: struct.ThreadPool.html
-
-use crate::broadcast::{self, BroadcastContext};
-use crate::join;
-use crate::registry::{Registry, ThreadSpawn, WorkerThread};
-use crate::scope::{do_in_place_scope, do_in_place_scope_fifo};
-use crate::spawn;
-use crate::{scope, Scope};
-use crate::{scope_fifo, ScopeFifo};
-use crate::{ThreadPoolBuildError, ThreadPoolBuilder};
-use std::error::Error;
-use std::fmt;
-use std::sync::Arc;
-
-mod test;
-
-/// Represents a user created [thread-pool].
-///
-/// Use a [`ThreadPoolBuilder`] to specify the number and/or names of threads
-/// in the pool. After calling [`ThreadPoolBuilder::build()`], you can then
-/// execute functions explicitly within this [`ThreadPool`] using
-/// [`ThreadPool::install()`]. By contrast, top level rayon functions
-/// (like `join()`) will execute implicitly within the current thread-pool.
-///
-///
-/// ## Creating a ThreadPool
-///
-/// ```rust
-/// # use rayon_core as rayon;
-/// let pool = rayon::ThreadPoolBuilder::new().num_threads(8).build().unwrap();
-/// ```
-///
-/// [`install()`][`ThreadPool::install()`] executes a closure in one of the `ThreadPool`'s
-/// threads. In addition, any other rayon operations called inside of `install()` will also
-/// execute in the context of the `ThreadPool`.
-///
-/// When the `ThreadPool` is dropped, that's a signal for the threads it manages to terminate,
-/// they will complete executing any remaining work that you have spawned, and automatically
-/// terminate.
-///
-///
-/// [thread-pool]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thread_pool
-/// [`ThreadPool`]: struct.ThreadPool.html
-/// [`ThreadPool::new()`]: struct.ThreadPool.html#method.new
-/// [`ThreadPoolBuilder`]: struct.ThreadPoolBuilder.html
-/// [`ThreadPoolBuilder::build()`]: struct.ThreadPoolBuilder.html#method.build
-/// [`ThreadPool::install()`]: struct.ThreadPool.html#method.install
-pub struct ThreadPool {
- registry: Arc<Registry>,
-}
-
-impl ThreadPool {
- #[deprecated(note = "Use `ThreadPoolBuilder::build`")]
- #[allow(deprecated)]
- /// Deprecated in favor of `ThreadPoolBuilder::build`.
- pub fn new(configuration: crate::Configuration) -> Result<ThreadPool, Box<dyn Error>> {
- Self::build(configuration.into_builder()).map_err(Box::from)
- }
-
- pub(super) fn build<S>(
- builder: ThreadPoolBuilder<S>,
- ) -> Result<ThreadPool, ThreadPoolBuildError>
- where
- S: ThreadSpawn,
- {
- let registry = Registry::new(builder)?;
- Ok(ThreadPool { registry })
- }
-
- /// Executes `op` within the threadpool. Any attempts to use
- /// `join`, `scope`, or parallel iterators will then operate
- /// within that threadpool.
- ///
- /// # Warning: thread-local data
- ///
- /// Because `op` is executing within the Rayon thread-pool,
- /// thread-local data from the current thread will not be
- /// accessible.
- ///
- /// # Panics
- ///
- /// If `op` should panic, that panic will be propagated.
- ///
- /// ## Using `install()`
- ///
- /// ```rust
- /// # use rayon_core as rayon;
- /// fn main() {
- /// let pool = rayon::ThreadPoolBuilder::new().num_threads(8).build().unwrap();
- /// let n = pool.install(|| fib(20));
- /// println!("{}", n);
- /// }
- ///
- /// fn fib(n: usize) -> usize {
- /// if n == 0 || n == 1 {
- /// return n;
- /// }
- /// let (a, b) = rayon::join(|| fib(n - 1), || fib(n - 2)); // runs inside of `pool`
- /// return a + b;
- /// }
- /// ```
- pub fn install<OP, R>(&self, op: OP) -> R
- where
- OP: FnOnce() -> R + Send,
- R: Send,
- {
- self.registry.in_worker(|_, _| op())
- }
-
- /// Executes `op` within every thread in the threadpool. Any attempts to use
- /// `join`, `scope`, or parallel iterators will then operate within that
- /// threadpool.
- ///
- /// Broadcasts are executed on each thread after they have exhausted their
- /// local work queue, before they attempt work-stealing from other threads.
- /// The goal of that strategy is to run everywhere in a timely manner
- /// *without* being too disruptive to current work. There may be alternative
- /// broadcast styles added in the future for more or less aggressive
- /// injection, if the need arises.
- ///
- /// # Warning: thread-local data
- ///
- /// Because `op` is executing within the Rayon thread-pool,
- /// thread-local data from the current thread will not be
- /// accessible.
- ///
- /// # Panics
- ///
- /// If `op` should panic on one or more threads, exactly one panic
- /// will be propagated, only after all threads have completed
- /// (or panicked) their own `op`.
- ///
- /// # Examples
- ///
- /// ```
- /// # use rayon_core as rayon;
- /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
- ///
- /// fn main() {
- /// let pool = rayon::ThreadPoolBuilder::new().num_threads(5).build().unwrap();
- ///
- /// // The argument gives context, including the index of each thread.
- /// let v: Vec<usize> = pool.broadcast(|ctx| ctx.index() * ctx.index());
- /// assert_eq!(v, &[0, 1, 4, 9, 16]);
- ///
- /// // The closure can reference the local stack
- /// let count = AtomicUsize::new(0);
- /// pool.broadcast(|_| count.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed));
- /// assert_eq!(count.into_inner(), 5);
- /// }
- /// ```
- pub fn broadcast<OP, R>(&self, op: OP) -> Vec<R>
- where
- OP: Fn(BroadcastContext<'_>) -> R + Sync,
- R: Send,
- {
- // We assert that `self.registry` has not terminated.
- unsafe { broadcast::broadcast_in(op, &self.registry) }
- }
-
- /// Returns the (current) number of threads in the thread pool.
- ///
- /// # Future compatibility note
- ///
- /// Note that unless this thread-pool was created with a
- /// [`ThreadPoolBuilder`] that specifies the number of threads,
- /// then this number may vary over time in future versions (see [the
- /// `num_threads()` method for details][snt]).
- ///
- /// [snt]: struct.ThreadPoolBuilder.html#method.num_threads
- /// [`ThreadPoolBuilder`]: struct.ThreadPoolBuilder.html
- #[inline]
- pub fn current_num_threads(&self) -> usize {
- self.registry.num_threads()
- }
-
- /// If called from a Rayon worker thread in this thread-pool,
- /// returns the index of that thread; if not called from a Rayon
- /// thread, or called from a Rayon thread that belongs to a
- /// different thread-pool, returns `None`.
- ///
- /// The index for a given thread will not change over the thread's
- /// lifetime. However, multiple threads may share the same index if
- /// they are in distinct thread-pools.
- ///
- /// # Future compatibility note
- ///
- /// Currently, every thread-pool (including the global
- /// thread-pool) has a fixed number of threads, but this may
- /// change in future Rayon versions (see [the `num_threads()` method
- /// for details][snt]). In that case, the index for a
- /// thread would not change during its lifetime, but thread
- /// indices may wind up being reused if threads are terminated and
- /// restarted.
- ///
- /// [snt]: struct.ThreadPoolBuilder.html#method.num_threads
- #[inline]
- pub fn current_thread_index(&self) -> Option<usize> {
- let curr = self.registry.current_thread()?;
- Some(curr.index())
- }
-
- /// Returns true if the current worker thread currently has "local
- /// tasks" pending. This can be useful as part of a heuristic for
- /// deciding whether to spawn a new task or execute code on the
- /// current thread, particularly in breadth-first
- /// schedulers. However, keep in mind that this is an inherently
- /// racy check, as other worker threads may be actively "stealing"
- /// tasks from our local deque.
- ///
- /// **Background:** Rayon's uses a [work-stealing] scheduler. The
- /// key idea is that each thread has its own [deque] of
- /// tasks. Whenever a new task is spawned -- whether through
- /// `join()`, `Scope::spawn()`, or some other means -- that new
- /// task is pushed onto the thread's *local* deque. Worker threads
- /// have a preference for executing their own tasks; if however
- /// they run out of tasks, they will go try to "steal" tasks from
- /// other threads. This function therefore has an inherent race
- /// with other active worker threads, which may be removing items
- /// from the local deque.
- ///
- /// [work-stealing]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_stealing
- /// [deque]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-ended_queue
- #[inline]
- pub fn current_thread_has_pending_tasks(&self) -> Option<bool> {
- let curr = self.registry.current_thread()?;
- Some(!curr.local_deque_is_empty())
- }
-
- /// Execute `oper_a` and `oper_b` in the thread-pool and return
- /// the results. Equivalent to `self.install(|| join(oper_a,
- /// oper_b))`.
- pub fn join<A, B, RA, RB>(&self, oper_a: A, oper_b: B) -> (RA, RB)
- where
- A: FnOnce() -> RA + Send,
- B: FnOnce() -> RB + Send,
- RA: Send,
- RB: Send,
- {
- self.install(|| join(oper_a, oper_b))
- }
-
- /// Creates a scope that executes within this thread-pool.
- /// Equivalent to `self.install(|| scope(...))`.
- ///
- /// See also: [the `scope()` function][scope].
- ///
- /// [scope]: fn.scope.html
- pub fn scope<'scope, OP, R>(&self, op: OP) -> R
- where
- OP: FnOnce(&Scope<'scope>) -> R + Send,
- R: Send,
- {
- self.install(|| scope(op))
- }
-
- /// Creates a scope that executes within this thread-pool.
- /// Spawns from the same thread are prioritized in relative FIFO order.
- /// Equivalent to `self.install(|| scope_fifo(...))`.
- ///
- /// See also: [the `scope_fifo()` function][scope_fifo].
- ///
- /// [scope_fifo]: fn.scope_fifo.html
- pub fn scope_fifo<'scope, OP, R>(&self, op: OP) -> R
- where
- OP: FnOnce(&ScopeFifo<'scope>) -> R + Send,
- R: Send,
- {
- self.install(|| scope_fifo(op))
- }
-
- /// Creates a scope that spawns work into this thread-pool.
- ///
- /// See also: [the `in_place_scope()` function][in_place_scope].
- ///
- /// [in_place_scope]: fn.in_place_scope.html
- pub fn in_place_scope<'scope, OP, R>(&self, op: OP) -> R
- where
- OP: FnOnce(&Scope<'scope>) -> R,
- {
- do_in_place_scope(Some(&self.registry), op)
- }
-
- /// Creates a scope that spawns work into this thread-pool in FIFO order.
- ///
- /// See also: [the `in_place_scope_fifo()` function][in_place_scope_fifo].
- ///
- /// [in_place_scope_fifo]: fn.in_place_scope_fifo.html
- pub fn in_place_scope_fifo<'scope, OP, R>(&self, op: OP) -> R
- where
- OP: FnOnce(&ScopeFifo<'scope>) -> R,
- {
- do_in_place_scope_fifo(Some(&self.registry), op)
- }
-
- /// Spawns an asynchronous task in this thread-pool. This task will
- /// run in the implicit, global scope, which means that it may outlast
- /// the current stack frame -- therefore, it cannot capture any references
- /// onto the stack (you will likely need a `move` closure).
- ///
- /// See also: [the `spawn()` function defined on scopes][spawn].
- ///
- /// [spawn]: struct.Scope.html#method.spawn
- pub fn spawn<OP>(&self, op: OP)
- where
- OP: FnOnce() + Send + 'static,
- {
- // We assert that `self.registry` has not terminated.
- unsafe { spawn::spawn_in(op, &self.registry) }
- }
-
- /// Spawns an asynchronous task in this thread-pool. This task will
- /// run in the implicit, global scope, which means that it may outlast
- /// the current stack frame -- therefore, it cannot capture any references
- /// onto the stack (you will likely need a `move` closure).
- ///
- /// See also: [the `spawn_fifo()` function defined on scopes][spawn_fifo].
- ///
- /// [spawn_fifo]: struct.ScopeFifo.html#method.spawn_fifo
- pub fn spawn_fifo<OP>(&self, op: OP)
- where
- OP: FnOnce() + Send + 'static,
- {
- // We assert that `self.registry` has not terminated.
- unsafe { spawn::spawn_fifo_in(op, &self.registry) }
- }
-
- /// Spawns an asynchronous task on every thread in this thread-pool. This task
- /// will run in the implicit, global scope, which means that it may outlast the
- /// current stack frame -- therefore, it cannot capture any references onto the
- /// stack (you will likely need a `move` closure).
- pub fn spawn_broadcast<OP>(&self, op: OP)
- where
- OP: Fn(BroadcastContext<'_>) + Send + Sync + 'static,
- {
- // We assert that `self.registry` has not terminated.
- unsafe { broadcast::spawn_broadcast_in(op, &self.registry) }
- }
-
- /// Cooperatively yields execution to Rayon.
- ///
- /// This is similar to the general [`yield_now()`], but only if the current
- /// thread is part of *this* thread pool.
- ///
- /// Returns `Some(Yield::Executed)` if anything was executed, `Some(Yield::Idle)` if
- /// nothing was available, or `None` if the current thread is not part this pool.
- pub fn yield_now(&self) -> Option<Yield> {
- let curr = self.registry.current_thread()?;
- Some(curr.yield_now())
- }
-
- /// Cooperatively yields execution to local Rayon work.
- ///
- /// This is similar to the general [`yield_local()`], but only if the current
- /// thread is part of *this* thread pool.
- ///
- /// Returns `Some(Yield::Executed)` if anything was executed, `Some(Yield::Idle)` if
- /// nothing was available, or `None` if the current thread is not part this pool.
- pub fn yield_local(&self) -> Option<Yield> {
- let curr = self.registry.current_thread()?;
- Some(curr.yield_local())
- }
-}
-
-impl Drop for ThreadPool {
- fn drop(&mut self) {
- self.registry.terminate();
- }
-}
-
-impl fmt::Debug for ThreadPool {
- fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
- fmt.debug_struct("ThreadPool")
- .field("num_threads", &self.current_num_threads())
- .field("id", &self.registry.id())
- .finish()
- }
-}
-
-/// If called from a Rayon worker thread, returns the index of that
-/// thread within its current pool; if not called from a Rayon thread,
-/// returns `None`.
-///
-/// The index for a given thread will not change over the thread's
-/// lifetime. However, multiple threads may share the same index if
-/// they are in distinct thread-pools.
-///
-/// See also: [the `ThreadPool::current_thread_index()` method].
-///
-/// [m]: struct.ThreadPool.html#method.current_thread_index
-///
-/// # Future compatibility note
-///
-/// Currently, every thread-pool (including the global
-/// thread-pool) has a fixed number of threads, but this may
-/// change in future Rayon versions (see [the `num_threads()` method
-/// for details][snt]). In that case, the index for a
-/// thread would not change during its lifetime, but thread
-/// indices may wind up being reused if threads are terminated and
-/// restarted.
-///
-/// [snt]: struct.ThreadPoolBuilder.html#method.num_threads
-#[inline]
-pub fn current_thread_index() -> Option<usize> {
- unsafe {
- let curr = WorkerThread::current().as_ref()?;
- Some(curr.index())
- }
-}
-
-/// If called from a Rayon worker thread, indicates whether that
-/// thread's local deque still has pending tasks. Otherwise, returns
-/// `None`. For more information, see [the
-/// `ThreadPool::current_thread_has_pending_tasks()` method][m].
-///
-/// [m]: struct.ThreadPool.html#method.current_thread_has_pending_tasks
-#[inline]
-pub fn current_thread_has_pending_tasks() -> Option<bool> {
- unsafe {
- let curr = WorkerThread::current().as_ref()?;
- Some(!curr.local_deque_is_empty())
- }
-}
-
-/// Cooperatively yields execution to Rayon.
-///
-/// If the current thread is part of a rayon thread pool, this looks for a
-/// single unit of pending work in the pool, then executes it. Completion of
-/// that work might include nested work or further work stealing.
-///
-/// This is similar to [`std::thread::yield_now()`], but does not literally make
-/// that call. If you are implementing a polling loop, you may want to also
-/// yield to the OS scheduler yourself if no Rayon work was found.
-///
-/// Returns `Some(Yield::Executed)` if anything was executed, `Some(Yield::Idle)` if
-/// nothing was available, or `None` if this thread is not part of any pool at all.
-pub fn yield_now() -> Option<Yield> {
- unsafe {
- let thread = WorkerThread::current().as_ref()?;
- Some(thread.yield_now())
- }
-}
-
-/// Cooperatively yields execution to local Rayon work.
-///
-/// If the current thread is part of a rayon thread pool, this looks for a
-/// single unit of pending work in this thread's queue, then executes it.
-/// Completion of that work might include nested work or further work stealing.
-///
-/// This is similar to [`yield_now()`], but does not steal from other threads.
-///
-/// Returns `Some(Yield::Executed)` if anything was executed, `Some(Yield::Idle)` if
-/// nothing was available, or `None` if this thread is not part of any pool at all.
-pub fn yield_local() -> Option<Yield> {
- unsafe {
- let thread = WorkerThread::current().as_ref()?;
- Some(thread.yield_local())
- }
-}
-
-/// Result of [`yield_now()`] or [`yield_local()`].
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum Yield {
- /// Work was found and executed.
- Executed,
- /// No available work was found.
- Idle,
-}