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+//! POSIX-style `*at` functions.
+//!
+//! The `dirfd` argument to these functions may be a file descriptor for a
+//! directory, or the special value [`CWD`].
+//!
+//! [`cwd`]: crate::fs::CWD
+
+use crate::fd::OwnedFd;
+use crate::ffi::CStr;
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "espidf", target_os = "vita")))]
+use crate::fs::Access;
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "espidf"))]
+use crate::fs::AtFlags;
+#[cfg(apple)]
+use crate::fs::CloneFlags;
+#[cfg(linux_kernel)]
+use crate::fs::RenameFlags;
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "espidf"))]
+use crate::fs::Stat;
+#[cfg(not(any(apple, target_os = "espidf", target_os = "vita", target_os = "wasi")))]
+use crate::fs::{Dev, FileType};
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "espidf", target_os = "wasi")))]
+use crate::fs::{Gid, Uid};
+use crate::fs::{Mode, OFlags};
+use crate::{backend, io, path};
+use backend::fd::{AsFd, BorrowedFd};
+use core::mem::MaybeUninit;
+use core::slice;
+#[cfg(feature = "alloc")]
+use {crate::ffi::CString, crate::path::SMALL_PATH_BUFFER_SIZE, alloc::vec::Vec};
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "espidf", target_os = "vita")))]
+use {crate::fs::Timestamps, crate::timespec::Nsecs};
+
+/// `UTIME_NOW` for use with [`utimensat`].
+///
+/// [`utimensat`]: crate::fs::utimensat
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "espidf", target_os = "redox", target_os = "vita")))]
+pub const UTIME_NOW: Nsecs = backend::c::UTIME_NOW as Nsecs;
+
+/// `UTIME_OMIT` for use with [`utimensat`].
+///
+/// [`utimensat`]: crate::fs::utimensat
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "espidf", target_os = "redox", target_os = "vita")))]
+pub const UTIME_OMIT: Nsecs = backend::c::UTIME_OMIT as Nsecs;
+
+/// `openat(dirfd, path, oflags, mode)`—Opens a file.
+///
+/// POSIX guarantees that `openat` will use the lowest unused file descriptor,
+/// however it is not safe in general to rely on this, as file descriptors may
+/// be unexpectedly allocated on other threads or in libraries.
+///
+/// The `Mode` argument is only significant when creating a file.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/openat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/openat.2.html
+#[inline]
+pub fn openat<P: path::Arg, Fd: AsFd>(
+ dirfd: Fd,
+ path: P,
+ oflags: OFlags,
+ create_mode: Mode,
+) -> io::Result<OwnedFd> {
+ path.into_with_c_str(|path| {
+ backend::fs::syscalls::openat(dirfd.as_fd(), path, oflags, create_mode)
+ })
+}
+
+/// `readlinkat(fd, path)`—Reads the contents of a symlink.
+///
+/// If `reuse` already has available capacity, reuse it if possible.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/readlinkat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/readlinkat.2.html
+#[cfg(feature = "alloc")]
+#[inline]
+pub fn readlinkat<P: path::Arg, Fd: AsFd, B: Into<Vec<u8>>>(
+ dirfd: Fd,
+ path: P,
+ reuse: B,
+) -> io::Result<CString> {
+ path.into_with_c_str(|path| _readlinkat(dirfd.as_fd(), path, reuse.into()))
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "alloc")]
+#[allow(unsafe_code)]
+fn _readlinkat(dirfd: BorrowedFd<'_>, path: &CStr, mut buffer: Vec<u8>) -> io::Result<CString> {
+ buffer.clear();
+ buffer.reserve(SMALL_PATH_BUFFER_SIZE);
+
+ loop {
+ let nread =
+ backend::fs::syscalls::readlinkat(dirfd.as_fd(), path, buffer.spare_capacity_mut())?;
+
+ debug_assert!(nread <= buffer.capacity());
+ if nread < buffer.capacity() {
+ // SAFETY: From the [documentation]: “On success, these calls
+ // return the number of bytes placed in buf.”
+ //
+ // [documentation]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/readlinkat.2.html
+ unsafe {
+ buffer.set_len(nread);
+ }
+
+ // SAFETY:
+ // - “readlink places the contents of the symbolic link pathname in
+ // the buffer buf”
+ // - [POSIX definition 3.271: Pathname]: “A string that is used to
+ // identify a file.”
+ // - [POSIX definition 3.375: String]: “A contiguous sequence of
+ // bytes terminated by and including the first null byte.”
+ // - “readlink does not append a terminating null byte to buf.”
+ //
+ // Thus, there will be no NUL bytes in the string.
+ //
+ // [POSIX definition 3.271: Pathname]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap03.html#tag_03_271
+ // [POSIX definition 3.375: String]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap03.html#tag_03_375
+ unsafe {
+ return Ok(CString::from_vec_unchecked(buffer));
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Use `Vec` reallocation strategy to grow capacity exponentially.
+ buffer.reserve(buffer.capacity() + 1);
+ }
+}
+
+/// `readlinkat(fd, path)`—Reads the contents of a symlink, without
+/// allocating.
+///
+/// This is the "raw" version which avoids allocating, but which is
+/// significantly trickier to use; most users should use plain [`readlinkat`].
+///
+/// This version writes bytes into the buffer and returns two slices, one
+/// containing the written bytes, and one containint the remaining
+/// uninitialized space. If the number of written bytes is equal to the length
+/// of the buffer, it means the buffer wasn't big enough to hold the full
+/// string, and callers should try again with a bigger buffer.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/readlinkat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/readlinkat.2.html
+#[inline]
+pub fn readlinkat_raw<P: path::Arg, Fd: AsFd>(
+ dirfd: Fd,
+ path: P,
+ buf: &mut [MaybeUninit<u8>],
+) -> io::Result<(&mut [u8], &mut [MaybeUninit<u8>])> {
+ path.into_with_c_str(|path| _readlinkat_raw(dirfd.as_fd(), path, buf))
+}
+
+#[allow(unsafe_code)]
+fn _readlinkat_raw<'a>(
+ dirfd: BorrowedFd<'_>,
+ path: &CStr,
+ buf: &'a mut [MaybeUninit<u8>],
+) -> io::Result<(&'a mut [u8], &'a mut [MaybeUninit<u8>])> {
+ let n = backend::fs::syscalls::readlinkat(dirfd.as_fd(), path, buf)?;
+ unsafe {
+ Ok((
+ slice::from_raw_parts_mut(buf.as_mut_ptr().cast::<u8>(), n),
+ &mut buf[n..],
+ ))
+ }
+}
+
+/// `mkdirat(fd, path, mode)`—Creates a directory.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mkdirat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/mkdirat.2.html
+#[inline]
+pub fn mkdirat<P: path::Arg, Fd: AsFd>(dirfd: Fd, path: P, mode: Mode) -> io::Result<()> {
+ path.into_with_c_str(|path| backend::fs::syscalls::mkdirat(dirfd.as_fd(), path, mode))
+}
+
+/// `linkat(old_dirfd, old_path, new_dirfd, new_path, flags)`—Creates a hard
+/// link.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/linkat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/linkat.2.html
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "espidf"))]
+#[inline]
+pub fn linkat<P: path::Arg, Q: path::Arg, PFd: AsFd, QFd: AsFd>(
+ old_dirfd: PFd,
+ old_path: P,
+ new_dirfd: QFd,
+ new_path: Q,
+ flags: AtFlags,
+) -> io::Result<()> {
+ old_path.into_with_c_str(|old_path| {
+ new_path.into_with_c_str(|new_path| {
+ backend::fs::syscalls::linkat(
+ old_dirfd.as_fd(),
+ old_path,
+ new_dirfd.as_fd(),
+ new_path,
+ flags,
+ )
+ })
+ })
+}
+
+/// `unlinkat(fd, path, flags)`—Unlinks a file or remove a directory.
+///
+/// With the [`REMOVEDIR`] flag, this removes a directory. This is in place of
+/// a `rmdirat` function.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [`REMOVEDIR`]: AtFlags::REMOVEDIR
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/unlinkat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/unlinkat.2.html
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "espidf"))]
+#[inline]
+pub fn unlinkat<P: path::Arg, Fd: AsFd>(dirfd: Fd, path: P, flags: AtFlags) -> io::Result<()> {
+ path.into_with_c_str(|path| backend::fs::syscalls::unlinkat(dirfd.as_fd(), path, flags))
+}
+
+/// `renameat(old_dirfd, old_path, new_dirfd, new_path)`—Renames a file or
+/// directory.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/renameat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/renameat.2.html
+#[inline]
+pub fn renameat<P: path::Arg, Q: path::Arg, PFd: AsFd, QFd: AsFd>(
+ old_dirfd: PFd,
+ old_path: P,
+ new_dirfd: QFd,
+ new_path: Q,
+) -> io::Result<()> {
+ old_path.into_with_c_str(|old_path| {
+ new_path.into_with_c_str(|new_path| {
+ backend::fs::syscalls::renameat(
+ old_dirfd.as_fd(),
+ old_path,
+ new_dirfd.as_fd(),
+ new_path,
+ )
+ })
+ })
+}
+
+/// `renameat2(old_dirfd, old_path, new_dirfd, new_path, flags)`—Renames a
+/// file or directory.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/renameat2.2.html
+#[cfg(linux_kernel)]
+#[inline]
+#[doc(alias = "renameat2")]
+pub fn renameat_with<P: path::Arg, Q: path::Arg, PFd: AsFd, QFd: AsFd>(
+ old_dirfd: PFd,
+ old_path: P,
+ new_dirfd: QFd,
+ new_path: Q,
+ flags: RenameFlags,
+) -> io::Result<()> {
+ old_path.into_with_c_str(|old_path| {
+ new_path.into_with_c_str(|new_path| {
+ backend::fs::syscalls::renameat2(
+ old_dirfd.as_fd(),
+ old_path,
+ new_dirfd.as_fd(),
+ new_path,
+ flags,
+ )
+ })
+ })
+}
+
+/// `symlinkat(old_path, new_dirfd, new_path)`—Creates a symlink.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/symlinkat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/symlinkat.2.html
+#[inline]
+pub fn symlinkat<P: path::Arg, Q: path::Arg, Fd: AsFd>(
+ old_path: P,
+ new_dirfd: Fd,
+ new_path: Q,
+) -> io::Result<()> {
+ old_path.into_with_c_str(|old_path| {
+ new_path.into_with_c_str(|new_path| {
+ backend::fs::syscalls::symlinkat(old_path, new_dirfd.as_fd(), new_path)
+ })
+ })
+}
+
+/// `fstatat(dirfd, path, flags)`—Queries metadata for a file or directory.
+///
+/// [`Mode::from_raw_mode`] and [`FileType::from_raw_mode`] may be used to
+/// interpret the `st_mode` field.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fstatat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/fstatat.2.html
+/// [`Mode::from_raw_mode`]: crate::fs::Mode::from_raw_mode
+/// [`FileType::from_raw_mode`]: crate::fs::FileType::from_raw_mode
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "espidf"))]
+#[inline]
+#[doc(alias = "fstatat")]
+pub fn statat<P: path::Arg, Fd: AsFd>(dirfd: Fd, path: P, flags: AtFlags) -> io::Result<Stat> {
+ path.into_with_c_str(|path| backend::fs::syscalls::statat(dirfd.as_fd(), path, flags))
+}
+
+/// `faccessat(dirfd, path, access, flags)`—Tests permissions for a file or
+/// directory.
+///
+/// On Linux before 5.8, this function uses the `faccessat` system call which
+/// doesn't support any flags. This function emulates support for the
+/// [`AtFlags::EACCESS`] flag by checking whether the uid and gid of the
+/// process match the effective uid and gid, in which case the `EACCESS` flag
+/// can be ignored. In Linux 5.8 and beyond `faccessat2` is used, which
+/// supports flags.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/faccessat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/faccessat.2.html
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "espidf", target_os = "vita")))]
+#[inline]
+#[doc(alias = "faccessat")]
+pub fn accessat<P: path::Arg, Fd: AsFd>(
+ dirfd: Fd,
+ path: P,
+ access: Access,
+ flags: AtFlags,
+) -> io::Result<()> {
+ path.into_with_c_str(|path| backend::fs::syscalls::accessat(dirfd.as_fd(), path, access, flags))
+}
+
+/// `utimensat(dirfd, path, times, flags)`—Sets file or directory timestamps.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/utimensat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/utimensat.2.html
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "espidf", target_os = "vita")))]
+#[inline]
+pub fn utimensat<P: path::Arg, Fd: AsFd>(
+ dirfd: Fd,
+ path: P,
+ times: &Timestamps,
+ flags: AtFlags,
+) -> io::Result<()> {
+ path.into_with_c_str(|path| backend::fs::syscalls::utimensat(dirfd.as_fd(), path, times, flags))
+}
+
+/// `fchmodat(dirfd, path, mode, flags)`—Sets file or directory permissions.
+///
+/// Platform support for flags varies widely, for example on Linux
+/// [`AtFlags::SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW`] is not implemented and therefore
+/// [`io::Errno::OPNOTSUPP`] will be returned.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fchmodat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/fchmodat.2.html
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "espidf", target_os = "wasi")))]
+#[inline]
+#[doc(alias = "fchmodat")]
+pub fn chmodat<P: path::Arg, Fd: AsFd>(
+ dirfd: Fd,
+ path: P,
+ mode: Mode,
+ flags: AtFlags,
+) -> io::Result<()> {
+ path.into_with_c_str(|path| backend::fs::syscalls::chmodat(dirfd.as_fd(), path, mode, flags))
+}
+
+/// `fclonefileat(src, dst_dir, dst, flags)`—Efficiently copies between files.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [Apple]
+///
+/// [Apple]: https://opensource.apple.com/source/xnu/xnu-3789.21.4/bsd/man/man2/clonefile.2.auto.html
+#[cfg(apple)]
+#[inline]
+pub fn fclonefileat<Fd: AsFd, DstFd: AsFd, P: path::Arg>(
+ src: Fd,
+ dst_dir: DstFd,
+ dst: P,
+ flags: CloneFlags,
+) -> io::Result<()> {
+ dst.into_with_c_str(|dst| {
+ backend::fs::syscalls::fclonefileat(src.as_fd(), dst_dir.as_fd(), dst, flags)
+ })
+}
+
+/// `mknodat(dirfd, path, mode, dev)`—Creates special or normal files.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mknodat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/mknodat.2.html
+#[cfg(not(any(apple, target_os = "espidf", target_os = "vita", target_os = "wasi")))]
+#[inline]
+pub fn mknodat<P: path::Arg, Fd: AsFd>(
+ dirfd: Fd,
+ path: P,
+ file_type: FileType,
+ mode: Mode,
+ dev: Dev,
+) -> io::Result<()> {
+ path.into_with_c_str(|path| {
+ backend::fs::syscalls::mknodat(dirfd.as_fd(), path, file_type, mode, dev)
+ })
+}
+
+/// `fchownat(dirfd, path, owner, group, flags)`—Sets file or directory
+/// ownership.
+///
+/// # References
+/// - [POSIX]
+/// - [Linux]
+///
+/// [POSIX]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fchownat.html
+/// [Linux]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/fchownat.2.html
+#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "espidf", target_os = "wasi")))]
+#[inline]
+#[doc(alias = "fchownat")]
+pub fn chownat<P: path::Arg, Fd: AsFd>(
+ dirfd: Fd,
+ path: P,
+ owner: Option<Uid>,
+ group: Option<Gid>,
+ flags: AtFlags,
+) -> io::Result<()> {
+ path.into_with_c_str(|path| {
+ backend::fs::syscalls::chownat(dirfd.as_fd(), path, owner, group, flags)
+ })
+}